Waist-to-Hip Ratio: Why It Predicts Health Risk Better Than BMI
Waist-to-Hip Ratio (WHR) measures the distribution of body fat. Fat stored around the abdomen (apple shape) carries a much higher cardiovascular and metabolic risk than fat stored around the hips and thighs (pear shape). The WHO uses WHR as a primary risk indicator.
How to Measure
- Waist: Measure at the narrowest point, usually just above the navel, after exhaling normally.
- Hip: Measure at the widest point of the hips and buttocks.
The Formula
WHR = waist circumference ÷ hip circumferenceWHO Risk Classification
- Men — Low risk: below 0.90 | High risk: above 0.95
- Women — Low risk: below 0.80 | High risk: above 0.85
Example
Woman with 72 cm waist and 96 cm hips: WHR = 72 ÷ 96 = 0.75 (Low risk)
WHR vs BMI
Multiple large studies have found WHR is a stronger predictor of heart attack, stroke, and type 2 diabetes than BMI. A person with a normal BMI but high WHR (central obesity) is at significantly elevated risk. Combining both measurements gives a more complete picture.
Calculate your waist-to-hip ratio: Free WHR Calculator